How do I make function decorators and chain them together in Python?
In Python, a decorator is a design pattern to extend the functionality of a function without modifying its code. You can create a decorator function using the @decorator_function
syntax, or by calling the decorator function and passing the decorated function as an argument. For example:
def my_decorator(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
print("Before function call")
result = func(*args, **kwargs)
print("After function call")
return result
return wrapper
@my_decorator
def my_function():
print("Inside function")
my_function()
# Output: "Before function call", "Inside function", "After function call"
You can chain decorators together by applying multiple decorators to a single function. The decorators will be applied in the order they are specified, with the innermost decorator being applied first. For example:
def decorator1(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
print("Decorator 1")
return func(*args, **kwargs)
return wrapper
def decorator2(func):
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
print("Decorator 2")
return func(*args, **kwargs)
return wrapper
@decorator1
@decorator2
def my_function():
print("Inside function")
my_function()
# Output: "Decorator 2", "Decorator 1", "Inside function"
You can also chain decorators together by calling them one after the other.
my_function = decorator1(decorator2(my_function))
It's important to note that the decorator will not be applied when the function is defined, but when it is called.
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